how is the car starting system is works Suzuki corolla Honda

A starter is an electric motor that turns over or "cranks" the engine to start it. It consists of a powerful DC (Direct Current) electric motor and the starter solenoid that is attached to the motor (see the picture). In most cars, a starter motor is attached to the transmission, see thesephoto 1 and photo 2. 

Starter motor. Click for larger photo

The starter motor is powered by the car battery. To turn over the engine the starter motor requires a very high electric current, which means the battery has to have sufficient power. If the battery is discharged, the lights in a car might come on, but it won't be enough power (current) to turn over the starter motor.

What are the symptoms of a bad starter motor: With the fully charged battery, when starting a car, nothing happens or there is a single click, but the starter motor doesn't run, even though there is a 12-Volt power at the starter control terminal.
Another symptom is when the starter motor runs, but fails to turn over the engine. Often, this might cause a loud screeching noise when starting the car. Of course, this could also be caused by damaged teeth on the ring gear of the flex plate or flywheel.